The Department of Faculty Therapy began operating independently in 1994 at the Urgench branch of the First Tashkent State Medical Institute. Its first head was Professor Ravshanbek Davletovich Kurbanov, Doctor of Medical Sciences. The founding team included R.B. Abdullayev, J.A. Gapurov, A.Sh. Yusupov, K.A. Ibragimov, A.D. Atajanova, Sh.A. Khodjayev, F.Kh. Khudaykulova and K.R. Ruzmetov.
Professor Ravshanbek Babajonovich Abdullayev led the department in 1995–2012, followed by Dr Dilfuza Saburovna Matkarimova in 2012–2015 and Professor Abdullayev again in 2015–2017. Azada Batirovna Yakubova led the department in the following period.
In September 2022, the department was renamed Internal Medicine, Rehabilitation and Traditional Medicine. It adopted its present name, Internal Medicine, Nephrology, Hemodialysis and Rehabilitation, in 2025. Professor Ravshanbek Babajonovich Abdullayev was appointed head again in 2026.
The departmental almanac records the training of more than 150 clinical residents and more than 20 master’s graduates over the department’s history. Its graduates work in clinical healthcare and medical education.